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Mainstream, Vol 63 No 49 December 6, 2025

Manufacturing Steel, Manufacturing Chaos: On the Capitalist Pressure to Extract in Odisha - Part 1 | Ranjana Padhi

Saturday 6 December 2025

(This article is in two parts. Part One gives an overview of how steel production has scaled new heights in Odisha as India becomes the second largest steel producer in the world. It is almost twenty years since the infamous killing of 13 Adivasis in Kalinganagar, which is the steel hub of Odisha. This part shows how mass steel production is accompanied by ecological degradation, unemployment, migration and a sharp rise in health hazards. It also traces the condition of workers in steel plants as well as unresolved issues faced by Adivasi and Dalit oustees of these projects.)

PART I

Eduardo Galeano