Mainstream Weekly

Those Who Violate The Pillars of Present International Order | Sunita Samal

Sunita Samal — 2026-05-12T16:35:57Z

The Westphalian treaty comprises a set of norms and institutions that have emerged in the aftermath of the World War II international order. It includes the network of the United Nations and allied institutions such as the International Court of Justice. The International order also created Geneva Convention and Genocide convention to protect the civilians and people belonging to different race.
The current West-Asian crisis threatens to dissolve the underlying order. Dissolution of order (…)

- 2026

Pedagogical Industry And Dis-Establishment Of School: Perspectives Of United States |

Sunita Samal — 2026-01-24T06:27:40Z

Abstract: The school has become the world religion of a modernized proletariat and makes futile promises of salvation to the poor of the technological age. The ideology of obligatory schooling admits of no logical limits. Indeed, preventive concentration camps for pre-delinquents would be a logical improvement over school system. Neither learning nor justice is promoted by schooling because educators insist on packaging instructions with certification. Learning and assignment of social roles (…)

- 2026

Globalization And Dis-Location of Politics | Sunita Samal

Sunita Samal — 2025-11-22T16:55:08Z

Abstract: Globalisation is an encounter between universalist and state-centric conceptions of politics. It is also about legitimacy and power. Globalisation evokes the tension between the transnational and the interstate aspects of the world system. It can be explained as the deterritorialization of social space. It keeps the debates theoretically and empirically open and it makes that more difficult to use

- 2025

Political Opinion: State And Non-State Actors |

Sunita Samal — 2025-10-11T10:58:21Z

The problem is whether political opinion should be defined at all. It is vital to keep in mind what lies behind the debate about the value of definition. It is settled that the protection based on political opinion is not limited to people who are members of a political party or who are engaged in electoral politics or who embraces in some way a particular political ideology. It is vital to keep in mind what lies behind the debate about the value of definition. Public opinion is what people (…)

- 2025

Inter-Disciplinary Study Module: Shifting Meanings Of

Sunita Samal — 2025-09-20T08:56:09Z

Abstract: As art of political economy gave place to the science of economic an inevitable disadvantage with those who sought for the easily mastered rules of an art which professed to teach them

- 2025

Relevance of

Sunita Samal — 2025-08-02T09:01:23Z

27 June 2025
When it comes to Israel-Iran relationships, it seems the more things change, the more they stay the same.
Vice-President of America J. D. Vance on meet the Press declared

- 2025

Prison And Civilising Punishment | Sunita Samal

Sunita Samal — 2025-07-05T05:40:22Z

Abstract: In the civilised world, from the mid-19th century, there has been no place for excessive, brutalising public punishments such as stoning, amputation, mutilation, and so on. Civilised people do not want to see that sort of thing. A functioning democracy itself has become one that has, for example, high levels of health care and literacy rates and low levels of infant mortality. Furthermore, it is likely to have strict provisions on child labour as well as a low rate of cruelty to (…)

- 2025

Re-Thinking World Order: Bringing Humanitarian Law Closer To Morality | Sunita Samal

Sunita Samal — 2025-04-20T01:33:36Z

Abstract
The Cold war saw not only the struggle between East and West but also within the United Nations Security Council. Here, the Soviet Union and United States of America had their actions frozen by their reciprocal veto power. Since the end of Cold War in 1990s, most international attention has been focused on the use of force outside the parameters of the United Nations Charter. While attempts have been made to justify actions in Kosovo and Iraq based on evolving customary norms of (…)

- 2025

Consumerism reduces folk politics from a movement to an ideology | Sunita Samal

Sunita Samal — 2025-03-29T12:30:02Z

Abstract: A new spirit of materialism, and sensual indulgence began to take root after World War II. As the commercialization of identity took an aura of prestige, the argument that the unauthorized advertising use of one

- 2025

Donald Trump

Sunita Samal — 2025-02-08T16:30:57Z

Abstract: With the 2024 US election came to an end, the global community must brace for potential shifts in American foreign policy particularly under a second Donald Trump Presidency. Trump

- 2025